http://www.cseindia.org/node/3874:
"Qanats: Originating in Armenia 2,500 years ago, Qanats have reemerged into the international spotlight as “rational irrigation systems,” says Dr. Ali A. Semsar Yazdi the Director of the newly formed International Centre on Qanat and Historic Hydraulic Structures (ICQHS) in Yazd, Iran.
Today in Iran, more than 34,355 of the structures are still functioning. Sophisticated, self-regulating, and structurally sound, Qanat systems were an integral part of Iranian cotton production in the ninth and tenth centuries AD, and have since been found in 35 countries including China, India, Egypt, and even as far westward as Spain and Peru.
Surangams
Similar to the technology of quanats is the surangam technology that was in vogue in Dakshin Kannada district of Karnataka and Kasaragod district of Kerala. A Surangam is basically a tunnel dug through a laterite hillock through which water seeps out and into the tunnel. Water is then collected at the end of the tunnel in a storage pit. A surangam is also known as thurangam, thorapu, mala in different parts of Kasaragod. The only cost of the a surangam is the initial cost of digging which was done by local workmen who were familiar with the geology, soil, slope etc. "
"Qanats: Originating in Armenia 2,500 years ago, Qanats have reemerged into the international spotlight as “rational irrigation systems,” says Dr. Ali A. Semsar Yazdi the Director of the newly formed International Centre on Qanat and Historic Hydraulic Structures (ICQHS) in Yazd, Iran.
Today in Iran, more than 34,355 of the structures are still functioning. Sophisticated, self-regulating, and structurally sound, Qanat systems were an integral part of Iranian cotton production in the ninth and tenth centuries AD, and have since been found in 35 countries including China, India, Egypt, and even as far westward as Spain and Peru.
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Surangams
Similar to the technology of quanats is the surangam technology that was in vogue in Dakshin Kannada district of Karnataka and Kasaragod district of Kerala. A Surangam is basically a tunnel dug through a laterite hillock through which water seeps out and into the tunnel. Water is then collected at the end of the tunnel in a storage pit. A surangam is also known as thurangam, thorapu, mala in different parts of Kasaragod. The only cost of the a surangam is the initial cost of digging which was done by local workmen who were familiar with the geology, soil, slope etc. "
A more Detailed article about the background in Bidar district of Karnataka.
A recent BBC documentary http://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-asia-40180951/medieval-aqueducts-fight-drought-in-indian-state
and a recent article on Kasaragod surangams in Scroll.in
More about community based systems of water management
More videos can be found on YouTube searching for surangams or qanats in Iran and India. Just qanat takes to videos on Qantas.
P.S. Seems related http://www.thehindu.com/society/the-river-that-tamil-nadu-often-forgets/article18919699.ece?utm_source=true&utm_medium=Email&utm_campaign=Newsletter
And https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narasimha_Jharni
A recent BBC documentary http://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-asia-40180951/medieval-aqueducts-fight-drought-in-indian-state
and a recent article on Kasaragod surangams in Scroll.in
More about community based systems of water management
More videos can be found on YouTube searching for surangams or qanats in Iran and India. Just qanat takes to videos on Qantas.
P.S. Seems related http://www.thehindu.com/society/the-river-that-tamil-nadu-often-forgets/article18919699.ece?utm_source=true&utm_medium=Email&utm_campaign=Newsletter
And https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narasimha_Jharni
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