Tuesday, October 31, 2017

UNCTAD report

UN Study Warns: Growing Economic Concentration Leads to “Rentier Capitalism” Michael Hudson has been warning us about this for a long time. He calls it the FIRE sector.
P.S. Related  Accounting fact of the day by Gulzar Natarajan

Small farmers in Indian agriculture

Dan Little reviews a new book How do small farmers fare: Evidence from village studies in India by Madhura Swaminathan and Sandip Baksi. Excerpts from the book:
The levels of income received by small farmer households were low, in both absolute and relative terms. The average incomes received by small farmers were not much higher than the minimum wages in agriculture stipulated by State governments. Minimum wage in India is defined as subsistence wage; hence incomes received by small farmer households were inadequate to meet investments or any requirements other than daily consumption needs. 
.....
While small farmer households are the worst off among the peasantry, there exist disparities and differences within the class of small farmers on the basis of social identity. The analysis presented in this chapter shows that SC, ST, and Muslim households among small farmers are far more deprived in terms of housing and access to basic household amenities than households belonging to other social groups. This points to the fact that in Indian society, and more so in rural society, deprivation is not merely economic but social as well. Even though a uniform criterion was used to define small farmer households, we find that higher levels of deprivation among SC, ST, and Muslim households are an outcome of the historical exclusion and accumulated disadvantages faced and inherited by these social groups. Continued practices of untouchability, physical and residential segregation, and isolation shape current outcomes for these groups.”
Reviewer’s conclusion:”This volume is a very important contribution to development studies in India and other parts of South and Southeast Asia. The dynamics of agriculture remain a critical factor in the social progress of these countries, and this careful and detailed research will provide a basis for constructing more effective development policies in India and elsewhere. And the data suggest that the situation of the rural sector in India is in crisis: incomes for small farmers and landless workers are extremely low with few indications of improvement, and measures of quality of life mirror these findings.”

Pandukal people

From The stone bead industry of Southern India
“This burial practice is believed by some scholars to be intrusive to India and these people were
possibly outsiders. They may have entered what is now India early in the second millennium B.C. and were settled in the central peninsula by the middle to late second millennium. Another early date for them (905-780 B.C.) is at Korkhai, at the very tip of the peninsula, once the center of pearl fishing (Moorti 1994:4-5). 
As the Pandukal people moved into South India, they introduced several traits : horsemanship, iron and gold technologies, and stone beadmaking.”

Saturday, October 28, 2017

Friday, October 27, 2017

The battle between public and private money

Where is money headed? “As US policy analyst Pippa Malgrem observes, governments are scrambling to control the new forms of currency; there is a battle looming between private and public control of money. What governments fear is that transactions will go offline and be invisible to their oversight.........The total value of cryptocurrencies is currently only about $US100 billion, so it is still small. But the threat is nevertheless real. There is a very high chance that what we mean by money will become very different in the future and it will threaten current power structure.”

Friday, October 20, 2017

Australia’s Mine Games

Michael Hudson on socialism

Michael Hudson: Socialism, Land and Banking: 2017 Compared to 1917
As usual very readable. There is along discussion on failures in Rissia and ashorter one problems ahead for China. He seems to be focussing mainly on land rents. He also responds to questions in the comments section.
p.S. https://www.counterpunch.org/2016/02/03/why-michael-hudson-is-the-worlds-best-economist/ 

Tuesday, October 17, 2017

Romans and multiplication

Roman Numericals and Arithmetic “Multiplication using roman numerals is not particularly easy or obvious. You can do the trivial thing, which is repeated addition. But it should be pretty obvious that that’s not practical for large numbers. The trick that they used was actually pretty nifty. It’s basically a strange version of binary multiplication. You need to be able to add and divide by two, but those are both pretty easy things to do. So here goes:
.....
Division is the biggest problem in roman numerals. There is no good trick that works in general. It really comes down to repeated subtraction. The only thing you can do to simplify is variations on finding a common factor of both numbers that’s easy to factor out. For example, if both numbers are even, you can divide each of them by two before starting the repeated subtraction. It’s also fairly easy to recognize when both numbers are multiples of 5 or 10, and to do the division by 5 or 10 on both numbers. But beyond that, you take a guess, do the multiplication, subtract, repeat.“

Monday, October 16, 2017

An oldish article about Alexander Marshack

I thought that I already posted this.
After the Ice Age: How Calendar-keeping shaped Early Social Structuring by Michael Hudson

New book again

It seems that I have been reading the dissertation. The actual book can be downloaded from here.

Language of the Snakes

Prakrit, Sanskrit, and the Language Order of Premodern India

Andrew Ollett (Author)

Saturday, October 14, 2017

Interesting new book

For a few days downloadable, check rightand top corner.
Language of the Snakes: Prakrit, Sanskrit, and the Language Order of Premodern India Andrew Strand Ollett
Area:
Asia
Abstract:
Language of the Snakes is a biography of Prakrit, one of premodern India’s most important and most neglected literary languages. Prakrit was the language of a literary tradition that flourished roughly from the 1st to the 12th century. During this period, it served as a counterpart to Sanskrit, the preeminent language of literature and learning in India. Together, Sanskrit and Prakrit were the foundation for an enduring “language order” that governed the way that people thought of and used language. Language of the Snakes traces the history of this language order through the historical articulations of Prakrit, which are set out here for the first time: its invention and cultivation among the royal courts of central India around the 1st century, its representation in classical Sanskrit and Prakrit texts, the ways it is made into an object of systematic knowledge, and ultimately its displacement from the language practices of literature. Prakrit is shown to have played a critical role in the establishment of the cultural-political formation now called the “Sanskrit cosmopolis,” as shown through a genealogy of its two key practices, courtly literature (kāvya-) and royal eulogy (praśasti-). It played a similarly critical role in the emergence of vernacular textuality, as it provided a model for language practices that diverged from Sanskrit but nevertheless possessed an identity and regularity of their own. Language of the Snakes thus offers a cultural history of Prakrit in contrast to the natural-history framework of previous studies of the language. It uses Prakrit to formulate a theory of literary language as embedded in an ordered set of cultural practices rather than by contrast to spoken language.

Friday, October 13, 2017

Mom

V.B.Sowmya on her wall:
After all these years, the first thing I could think of when I face some issue is: "ask mom", irrespective of whether it is something relevant to her life experiences or not.”
remember back around 1958-59, I was rusticated because I was too interested in mathematics, stopped attending classes since I felt they were teaching too much rubbish. I was home with a few math books, one on abstract algebra and the other ‘Introduction to mathematical philosophy’ by Bertrand Russell. In the village, there was nobody to discuss mathematics. I often sat in the kitchen and used to tell my mother about all these exciting ideas. Much before that she had her own life, reading, drawing singing and so on. But now I was thrown out of college, she became very protective and used to listen to me. And talking to somebody helped some. Finally I had to go back to college to get credentials and facilities to do mathematics. But the empathetic understanding from my mother, whether she understood the mathematics I was telling her about, helped me at various stages. Now I see the same with my wife and children.

Thursday, October 12, 2017

Sai Padma

Noah Smith defends Richard Thaler

Defending Thaler from guerilla resistance But I keep getting this doubt expressed in one of the comments:
"Aren’t nudge advocates forgetting the minor detail that, given that governments (and nudge units) are made of people, they, very much as the people they want to nudge, are not immune to biases in the first place? Who will nudge the nudgers?"
P.S. some articles from Australia Articles on Nudhe Unit The most recent article in the series 
Government behavioural economics ‘nudge unit’ needs a shove in a new direction

Demise of the dollar, perennial topic

Extreme virtue

Meet R.Jalaja and K.Janardhanan, a rare couple, living on a quarter of their income so they can spend the rest in changing lives of others.”
A case of extreme virtue in The Hindu.